↓ Twitter is updated more often, so read it! ↓

HOWTO Update Twitter from the console or GUI

I’ve gone and added to the script, checking for errors and making it more slick.

Check it out at twitter-gx or read the code contained herein.


#!/bin/bash
#@Name: twitter-gx
#@Author: Colin Dean <cad@cad.cx>
#@URL: http://cad.cx/twitter
#CHANGE THESE
EMAIL=you@yours.com
PASSWORD=lolz
#PATHS
ZENITY=/usr/bin/zenity
CURL=/usr/bin/curl
ICON=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-irc.png
#can someone suggest a better icon?
#STRINGS--someone want to localize?
WHAT="What are you doing? "
SORRY="Sorry, that was too long."
UPDATED="Tweet submitted:"
FAILED="Tweet failed. Check output for why."

CURL_MISSING="curl was not found at ${CURL}. Please install curl."
ZENITY_MISSING="zenity was not found at ${ZENITY}. Please install zenity."
#-------Woe to those who make changes below unless they know what it does------#

#META
NAME="twitter-gx"
VERSION="1.0"
URL="http://cad.cx/twitter/twitter.xml"
#functions galore
function check_for_deps {

#I'm not going to bother checking for awk. Does any sane distro omit it?
  if [ ! -x ${CURL} ]; then

    CURL=`which curl`
    if [ "$?" = 1 ]; then

      warn_user "${CURL_MISSING}"
      exit 1
    fi
  fi

  if [ ! -x ${ZENITY} ]; then

    ZENITY=`which zenity`
    if [ "$?" = 1 ]; then

      warn_user "${ZENITY_MISSING}"
      exit 1
    fi
  fi

}

function getinput {
  if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo -n "${WHAT}"; read TWEET
    else TWEET=$(${ZENITY} --entry --text="${WHAT}" --entry-text="${1}")

  fi
}

function check_length {
  TWEETLENGTH=$(echo -n "${TWEET}" | wc -m)

  if [ ${TWEETLENGTH} -gt 140 ]; then

    warn_user "${SORRY} (${TWEETLENGTH} > 140)"
    getinput "${TWEET}"

    check_length
  fi
}

function warn_user {
  if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo "${1}"

    else ${ZENITY} --warning --text="${1}"
  fi

}

function urlencode () {
#one day, I will understand awk
#got this from somewhere
  echo "$@" | awk '

  BEGIN {
   # with inspiration from Heiner Steven and Rick Richardson
      split ("1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F", hexit, " ")
      hexit [0] = 0 # setup the hex values we will use..
      for (i = 1 ; i <= 255 ; ++i) ord[ sprintf ("%c", i) "" ] = i + 0

    } {
      encoded = ""
      for (i = 1 ; i <= length ($0) ; ++i) {
        c = substr ($0, i, 1)
        if ( c ~ /[a-zA-Z0-9.-]/ ) { # allow only basic chrs
          encoded = encoded c

        } else { # encode everything else..
          lo = ord[c] % 16
          hi = int (ord[c] / 16);
          encoded = encoded "%" hexit [hi] hexit [lo]
        }

      }
#printf encoded
    }
  END {
    printf ("%s", encoded)
  }

'
}

function submit_tweet {
  OUTFILE="/tmp/twitter_response-`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.txt"

  ${CURL} -s \
       -u ${EMAIL}:${PASSWORD} \
       -o ${OUTFILE} \
       -d status="$(urlencode "${TWEET}")" \
       -H "X-Twitter-Client: ${NAME}" \
       -H "X-Twitter-Client-Version: ${VERSION}" \
       -H "X-Twitter-Client-URL: ${URL}" \
       http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml

}

function notify_user {
  if [ "${1}" = "success" ]; then

    TERM_MESSAGE="${UPDATED} ${TWEET}"
    GUI_MESSAGE="${UPDATED}\n\n${TWEET}"

    ICON_STR="--window-icon=${ICON}"
  fi
  if [ "${1}" = "failed" ]; then

    TERM_MESSAGE="${FAILED}"
    GUI_MESSAGE="${FAILED}"
    ICON_STR=""

  fi

  if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo "${TERM_MESSAGE}"

    else
      exec 3> >(${ZENITY} --notification --listen ${ICON_STR})

      echo "message: ${GUI_MESSAGE}" >&3
      sleep 10
      exec 3>&-
  fi

}

TWEET=$@ #see if it was supplied on the command line
if [ "${TWEET}" = "-v" ]; then echo "${NAME} ${VERSION}" && exit; fi

check_for_deps
if [ -z "${TWEET}" ]; then getinput; fi #if it wasn't, prompt for it

check_length #make sure it's less than 140 characters
submit_tweet #submit it since we got past the check

if [ "$?" == 0 ]; then notify_user success && exit 0;

else notify_user fail && exit 1; fi

HOWTO Write a script to update Twitter from Linux

I just signed up for Twitter as colindean. I don’t know what use I’ll have for it, as I’m not one who is much for microblogging or partying.

Anyway, the API caught my eye, and after having read Wayne’s post at Fsckin w/ Linux regarding Twitter clients for Linux, I decided to roll my own rather than use what’s out there. I wanted something simple and bashful.


#!/bin/bash
EMAIL=youremail@yourdomain.com
PASSWORD=yourpassword

WHAT="What are you doing? "
SORRY="Sorry, that was too long."
UPDATED="Tweet submitted:"

function getinput {
  if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo -n "${WHAT}"; read TWEET
    else TWEET=$(zenity --entry --text="${WHAT}" --entry-text="${1}")
  fi
}

function check_length {
  TWEETLENGTH=$(echo -n "${TWEET}" | wc -m)
  if [ ${TWEETLENGTH} -gt 140 ]; then
    warn_user
    getinput ${TWEET}
    check_length
  fi
}

function warn_user {
  if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo "${SORRY}"
    else zenity --warning --text="${SORRY}"
  fi
}
function submit_tweet {
  curl -u ${EMAIL}:${PASSWORD} \
       -d status="${TWEET}" \
       http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml \
  > /dev/null
}

TWEET=$@ #see if it was supplied on the command line
if [ -z "${TWEET}" ]; then getinput; fi #if it wasn't, prompt for it
check_length #make sure it's less than 140 characters
submit_tweet #submit it since we got past the check

if [ ${TERM} = "xterm" ]; then echo "${UPDATED} ${TWEET}"
  else
    exec 3> >(zenity --notification --listen --window-icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnome-irc.png)
    echo "message: ${UPDATED}\n\n${TWEET}" >&3
    sleep 10
    exec 3>&-
fi

Just replace the EMAIL and PASSWORD variables and drop it into a directory in your $PATH. You can add it to the panel, too—it will detect if it’s been executed at a terminal or from the panel or other GUI element. It could also very easily be internationalized.

Let me know what you think of this script—it’s 4:00 am and I’m about to pass out.

Sorry, that one line might overflow the box on slim resolutions. I’ll get that fixed one of these days. Update: That was an easy fix. Added overflow: auto; to the codeblock CSS.

HOWTO: Astronomy Picture of the Day for GNOME

Astronomy Picture of the Day is a really neat page which is generated daily by NASA. It shows a single picture captured by some NASA-affiliated person and some text to describe it.

These pictures are perfect for desktop backgrounds. There’s a program to automatically set it as the background for Windows, but we Linux, or more specifically, GNOME, users can do it in a simple script.

Drop this script somewhere on your system and create a cron schedule with crontab -e for it. The cron lines are in the script. I’d recommend the four hour intervals if you don’t keep your computer on all the time, or the twelve or once-a-day intervals if you do.

Oh, and you might need to install cron. Gutsy doesn’t have it by default, so you can do it through Synaptic or using sudo apt-get install cron at a command line.


#!/bin/bash
#Filename: apodwallpaper
#Location: ${HOME}/.bin
#Purposes: Downloads NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day and displays it as the
#          GNOME background 
#Author(s): acvwJosh of Ubuntu Forums, modified by Colin Dean <http://cad.cx>

#add the following line to your crontab if you want to run this hourly
#10   *  *   *   *     apodwallpaper

#add this line if you want to run it every four hours
#10 0,4,8,12,16,20 * * * apodwallpaper

#add this line if you want to run it every twelve hours
#10 0,12 * * * apodwallpaper

#add this line if you want to run it daily 
#10 0 * * * apodwallpaper

#don't forget to put this script in your $PATH.
#I usually add ${HOME}/.bin to my path in .bash_profile and put my scripts there

#change this if you want the image to be in a different directory
FILENAME=apodwallpaper
APODWALLPAPER=${HOME}/.${FILENAME}

mkdir -p ${APODWALLPAPER} && cd ${APODWALLPAPER}

# download image from apod site
wget -A.jpg -R.txt -r -l1 --no-parent -nH http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html

# move image from obscure folder to main folder, rename image
find ./apod -name "*.jpg" | while read line ; do
mv "$line" "${FILENAME}.jpg"
done

# set image to wallpaper
gconftool-2 -t string -s /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename "blank.jpg"
gconftool-2 -t string -s /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename \
                         "${APODWALLPAPER}/${FILENAME}.jpg"
gconftool-2 -t string -s /desktop/gnome/background/picture_options "zoom"

#get rid of cruft
rm -rf apod robots.txt

There’s a thread about this functionality at Ubuntu Forums entitled, APOD? anyone.